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You have heard of Eonnie/ Oppa 언니/ 오빠 kinda things, but don’t know how to use it properly?
In Korea, age is really important in social life. You have different ways to call your friends depending on their age!
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Do you know what is the proper way to address or refer your friend in Korean?
The Korea word ‘호칭’ means the act of calling a person or object, today we are going to learn 호칭 for friends.
When we speak English, we just call our friends by their names, like Suhyun, Christina, Patrick and so on. However it is a little more complicated as for Korean language, we have to use specific words to address people. Sometimes calling someone by their names can be rude and even your friend could be offended.
You might already heard the words 언니/누나 and 오빠/형.
Do you know the meaning and the difference with these words?
These words are originally from 호칭 for family members.
Korea is a part of the Confucian culture, so we have to respect elders. Even within family members, you have to respect elders, your parents of course, and your elder sister or elder brother too. And there are specific words to indicate your siblings.
If you are a woman; you call your elder sister ‘언니’, and your elder brother as ‘오빠’.
Your 언니 and 오빠 would call you by your name, but refer you as ‘여동생’ or simply ‘동생’ to others.
If you are a man; you call your elder sister ‘누나’, and your elder brother as ‘형’.
Your 누나 and 형 would call you by your name, yet refer you as ‘남동생’ or ‘동생’.
‘동생’ means younger person among siblings, so ‘동생’ can be used to in both situation; to refer younger sister and to refer younger brother.
And the same rules are applied to address your Korean friends.
If you are a woman and you have a female friend who is older than you, even just a year older than you, you have to call her ‘언니’.
How do you call your male friend who is older than you? You call him ‘오빠’.
If you are a man; you call your female friend who is older than you ‘누나’, and your male friend who is older than you as ‘형’.
And your these friends of yours would refer you as ‘동생’.
You can also put these 호칭 after someone’s name, such as 수현 언니, 지민 오빠, 아이유 누나, 정국 형.
If you and your friend was born the same year, there is nothing to worry about; you can simply call your friend by her or his name.
Sometime we put 아 or 야 right after the name as a meaning of calling someone.
‘아’ is used with the name ends with 받침, final consonant, and ‘야’ is used with the name ends with a vowel, for example 수현아 and 제니야.
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